Clinical characteristics and dietary factors of elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with hyperhomocysteinemia / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To analyze in elderly type 2 diabetes (diabetes mellitus type 2, T2DM) combined high homocysteine levels (Hyperhomocysteinemia, HHcy) clinical characteristics and dietary factors, provide theoretical basis for T2DM combined HHcy patient's diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 186 elderly T2DM patients admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to June 2022 were selected and divided into control group (without HHcy) and observation group (with HHcy) according to whether the patients were complicated with HHcy. The age, gender, body mass index (BMI), mean course of disease, SBP, fasting blood glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, whether complicated with carotid plaque were compared between the two groups. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the dietary factors affecting HHcy in T2DM patients. Results Among the 186 T2DM patients, 47 (25.27%) had HHcy. The serum Hcy level in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.05). In terms of dietary factors , there were significant differences between the two groups in daily vegetable intake, daily meat intake, daily quantity of soy products (P1050g (OR=3.652) were dietary independent risk factors for HHcy in T2DM patients (P1050 g. Dietary adjustment should be actively adopted to reduce the risk of HHcy in T2DM patients.

DIETARY AND CARDIO-METABOLIC RISK FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ATTENDING MEDICAL OUT-PATIENT CLINIC OF A FEDERAL TEACHING HOSPITAL IN NIGERIA

The increasing prevalence of cardio-metabolic risks contributes to an increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Although the cardiovascular risk factors among type 2 diabetic patients is well known, the dietary and cardio-metabolic risk factors has not been fully investigated. This study was carried out to determine the cardio- metabolic risk factors in 45 purposively-selected adult diabetic patients attending the Medical Out-Patient Clinic, University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan. A 24-hour dietary recall was used to determine the dietary intake of the patients. Weight and height were measured to determine body mass index (BMI) which was categorized as underweight (<18.5kg/m2), normal weight (18.5-24.9kg/m2), overweight (25-29.9kg/m2) and obese (?30.0kg/m2) and also waist-hip ratio. Biochemical parameters (triglyceride, blood pressure, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol) were obtained from their hospital records. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and correlation at p<0.05. The mean age of the patients was 61.3±8.15 years. Their mean BMI was 30.2±6.94kg/m². About (37.8%) of the patients had systolic stage one hypertension, 88.9% had normal triglyceride, 55.6% had normal fasting blood glucose and 80.0% had normal total cholesterol. Less than half (44.4%) of the patients were obese, 33.3% had high waist-hip ratio. A positive and signi?cant correlation was only observed between regular exercise and fasting blood glucose of the patients. The cardio- metabolic risk factors were slightly high among type 2 diabetic patients in UCH, Ibadan. Diabetic individuals should be educated to maintain healthy lifestyles, comply with the right diets in order to reduce complications.

Household Food Insecurity and Associated Dietary and Socio-economic Factors among Pregnant Women of Mid-west Bangladesh

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of household food insecurity and to determine the dietary and non-dietary factors associated with household food insecurity among pregnant women of mid-west Bangladesh. Methodology: The study was conducted in four sub-districts of Rajshahi district: Rajshahi Sadar, Godagari, Tanor and Shardah. It was a cross-sectional study which randomly enrolled 150 pregnant women. Household food insecurity among the respondents was calculated with the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). Results: The mean age of the pregnant women was 29±3 years. About 76% of respondents were food secure, 23% of respondents were mildly food insecure, and only 1% of respondents were moderately food insecure. Severe food insecurity was not observed among the respondents in Rajshahi. About 17% of respondents were anxious and uncertain about their household food supply, about 23% of respondents said that they had to eat foods of insufficient quality and only 1% of respondents replied that they had eaten an insufficient amount of food during the month prior to the study. It was observed that the mean Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) and mean Food Consumption Score (FCS) significantly differed (P < .05) between food secure and food insecure respondents. Meat, fish and poultry consumption were found higher among the food secure respondents but vegetable consumption was higher among the food insecure group. Some socio-economic factors such as household size, respondents’ educational status, husbands’ educational status, husbands’ occupation and monthly household income were significantly associated (P < .05) with household food insecurity of the respondents.

Dietary and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Weight Status among Korean Adolescents from Multicultural Families: Using Data from the 2017–2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys / 대한지역사회영양학회지

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated dietary and lifestyle factors associated with the weight status among Korean adolescents in multicultural families.METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed 1,751 multicultural families' adolescents who participated in the 2017–2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. Information on dietary and lifestyle factors was self-reported using a web-based questionnaire and this information included breakfast and foods consumption, perceived health status, alcohol drinking, smoking, physical activity, and weight control efforts. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on the self-reported height and body weight (kg/m²). Weight status was assessed according to the 2017 Korean National Growth Chart: underweight (weight-for-age <5(th) percentiles), overweight (85(th)≤ BMI-for-age <95(th) percentiles), and obese (BMI-for-age ≥95(th) percentiles). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the dietary and lifestyle factors associated with weight status after adjustment for covariates.RESULTS: Among Korean adolescents from multicultural families, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 20.9%, whereas about 7% of adolescents were underweight. The weight status did not show differences according to gender, school level, area of residence, and household income. Compared to adolescents who did not have breakfast during the previous week, those who had breakfast 3–4 days/week and ≥5 days/week had a 42% (p=0.021) and a 37% (p=0.009) lower prevalence of overweight/obesity, respectively. The adolescents who frequently consumed carbonated soft drinks (≥5 times/week) showed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.69 (95% CI=1.01–2.83) for overweight/obesity relative to those adolescents who did not consume carbonated soft drinks. The OR of being underweight for adolescents who ate fast food ≥3 times/week was 1.97 (95% CI=1.04–3.71) compared to those adolescents who had not eaten fast food during the previous week.CONCLUSIONS: Dietary and lifestyle factors were associated with overweight/obesity as well as underweight among Korean adolescents in multicultural families. Our findings could be used to design and provide nutrition interventions for this specific population.

Prevalence of Poor Mental Health and Cognitive Status among Middle-Aged Adults and Its Predictors in Relation to Polyphenols Intake

@#Background: Decline in mental health and cognitive status starts to show its sign during middle-age and is affected by dietary factors, namely the polyphenols intake. Polyphenols have received attention in improving health issues related to aging, including decline in mental health and cognitive. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of poor mental health and cognitive status among middle-aged adults and its predictors in relation to polyphenols intake. Methods: Subjects’ food intakes were calculated by using dietary history questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire for polyphenols. The subjects’ mental health and cognitive status were measured by general health questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and Rey’s auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT). Results: More than 40% of middle-aged adults were identified as having signs of poor mental health. A total of 67.9% of the subjects had poor cognitive status according to RAVLT immediate recall. Hierarchical binary logistic regression indicated that fat intake was associated with somatic symptoms for both men [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.04; P < 0.05] and women (AOR = 1.06; P < 0.05). Intake of lignan (AOR = 1.071; P < 0.05) was associated with better RAVLT immediate recall among women. Additionally, high cholesterol (AOR = 3.14; P < 0.05) was associated with poor score of RAVLT delayed recall for women. Conclusions: Early detection of poor mental health and cognitive is crucial to prevent Alzheimer’s disease in old age.

Association of occupational factors,dietary factors and metabolic syndrome in male rolling mill workers / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship of exposure to occupational hazards,labor intensity,dietary factors and the metabolic syndrome( MS) in male rolling mill workers. METHODS: A total of 1 105 male workers in a rolling mill were studied as research objects by judgment sampling method. The basic information of the subjects was collected by questionnaire survey and health examination. The prevalence of MS was analyzed according to different individual characteristics of workers. Multi-factor logistic regression analysis was conducted for analysis of the affecting factors of MS.RESULTS: The prevalence of MS in the subjects was 32. 5%( 359/1 105). The prevalence of MS in workers exposed to occupational hazards was higher than that in the control group( 33. 5% vs 20. 2%,P < 0. 05). The prevalence of MS increased with age( P < 0. 05),and decreased with the increase of labor intensity and family per capita monthly income( P < 0. 05). The prevalence of MS in smokers was higher than that in non-smokers( P < 0. 017),and the prevalence of MS in workers with animal dietary was higher than those with balanced dietary and with traditional dietary( P < 0. 017).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after the adjustment of confounding factors such as age,seniority,family per capita monthly income,smoking and drinking,MS risk in a single factor of carbon monoxide exposure group,high temperature combined with carbon monoxide exposure group and high temperature combined with noise exposure group were higher than that of the control group without exposure to occupational hazards respectively( P < 0. 05),and the ratio of the 95% confidence interval were 2. 246( 1. 097-4. 597),2. 581( 1. 308-5. 094) and 2. 435( 1. 281-4. 627). The risk of MS in workers with animal dietary was higher than that with traditional dietary( P < 0. 01),the odds ratio and 95%confidence interval was 1. 497( 1. 106-2. 025). The grade of MS was 24. 6% lower than the original labor intensity with each increasing grade of risk( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: The animal dietary,increased labor intensity,exposure to carbon monoxide,high temperature combined with carbon monoxide and high temperature combined with noise can all increase the risk of MS.

Relationship between dietary factors and bisphenol a exposure: the second Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS 2012–2014)

BACKGROUND: This study was aimed at finding out the exposure level of bisphenol A (BPA), a well-known endocrine disruptor, in relation to dietary factors using a data representing the Korean general population. METHODS: This study was performed on 5402 adults aged 19 years and older based on the Second Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS 2012–2014). The data analyzed urinary BPA concentration in relation to socio-demographic variables, health behavior-related variables, and dietary factor-related variables. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated through a logistic regression analysis after dividing the participants into high BPA exposure group and low BPA exposure group based on the top 75 percentile concentration. The logistic regression analysis was carried out considering the appropriate sample weight, stratification, and clustering of the second KoNEHS sample design. RESULTS: The group drinking bottled water at home and the group using zip-top bags/plastic bags showed significantly higher urinary BPA concentration in female. OR tends to increase as the intake frequency of frozen food increased and OR of frozen food consumption of more than once a week was 1.48 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–2.24) for male and the group drinking bottled water showed significantly higher OR of 1.45 (95% CI 1.06–2.17) after adjusting the related factors for female. CONCLUSIONS: BPA levels were high in female using bottled water and in male consuming frozen food, and therefore bottled water and frozen food need to be avoided to reduce BPA levels.

Dietary Triggers in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Is There a Role for Gluten?

A tight link exists between dietary factors and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), one of the most common functional syndromes, characterized by abdominal pain/discomfort, bloating and alternating bowel habits. Amongst the variety of foods potentially evoking "food sensitivity", gluten and other wheat proteins including amylase trypsin inhibitors represent the culprits that recently have drawn the attention of the scientific community. Therefore, a newly emerging condition termed non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) or non-celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) is now well established in the clinical practice. Notably, patients with NCGS/NCWS have symptoms that mimic those present in IBS. The mechanisms by which gluten or other wheat proteins trigger symptoms are poorly understood and the lack of specific biomarkers hampers diagnosis of this condition. The present review aimed at providing an update to physicians and scientists regarding the following main topics: the experimental and clinical evidence on the role of gluten/wheat in IBS; how to diagnose patients with functional symptoms attributable to gluten/wheat sensitivity; the importance of double-blind placebo controlled cross-over trials as confirmatory assays of gluten/wheat sensitivity; and finally, dietary measures for gluten/wheat sensitive patients. The analysis of current evidence proposes that gluten/wheat sensitivity can indeed represent a subset of the broad spectrum of patients with a clinical presentation of IBS.

Blood Pressure and Dietary Related Risk Factors Associated with High Sodium Intake Assessed with 24-hour Urine Analysis for Korean Adults / 대한지역사회영양학회지

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to examine blood pressure and other characteristics of a high sodium intake group assessed with 24-hr urine analysis and the dietary factors related to the risk of high sodium intake among Korean adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with adults aged 20-59 years. Subjects who completed 24-hr urine collection (N = 205) were divided into 3 groups (tertile) according to the sodium intake estimated with 24-hour urine analysis. We compared the blood pressure, BMI and dietary related factors of the 3 groups (low, medium, high sodium intake group) with General Linear Model (GLM) and Duncan's multiple range test (p or = 25) (OR = 2.619; 95% CI: 1.368-5.015), current alcohol consumption (OR = 1.943; 95%CI: 1.060-3.564), and having salty soybean paste with salt percentage > 14% (OR = 3.99; 95% CI: 1.404-6.841). The dietary attitude related to increased risk of high sodium intake included 'enjoy dried fish and salted mackerel' (p < 0.001) and 'eat all broth of soup, stew or noodle' (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Because high sodium intake was associated with higher blood pressure, nutrition education should focus on alcohol consumption, emphasis on related dietary factors such as using low salt soybean paste, improvements in the habit of eating dried fish and salted mackerel or eating all broth of soup, stew or noodle.

Environmental and psycho-social factors related to prostate cancer risk in the Chinese population: a case-control study / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the risk environmental and psycho-social factors associated to prostate cancer (PCa) in Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>250 PCa patients and 500 controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Information was collected and logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for relationship between lifestyle, eating habits and psycho-social factors with PCa risk.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Green vegetables and green tea were associated with a decreased risk of PCa (OR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.28-0.53; OR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.40-0.87, respectively). Family history of PCa (OR=7.16, 95% CI: 2.01-25.49), history of prostate diseases (OR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.53-3.41), alcohol consumption (OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.33-2.90), red meat consumption (OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.20-2.52), barbecued (OR=2.29, 95% CI: 1.11-4.73) or fried (OR=2.35, 95% CI: 1.24-4.43) foods were related with increased PCa risk. Negative psycho-social factors including occupational setbacks (OR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.00-2.59), marital separation (OR=1.94, 95% CI: 1.29-2.91), self-contained suffering (OR=2.37, 95% CI: 1.58-3.55), and high sensitivity to the personal comments (OR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.18-2.54) were related to PCa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Regular consumption of green vegetables and green tea may suggest protective effects on PCa. Alcohol consumption, red meat consumption and barbecued or fried foods were associated with PCa. Negative psycho-social factors may also play a role in the incidence of PCa in Chinese population.</p>

Evaluación nutricional de los pacientes con cirrosis hepática compensada atendidos en el Centro Hospitalario Regional de Mouila, Gabón, 2009-2010 / Nutritional assessment in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis treated at the Mouila Regional Hospital, Gabon, 2009-2010

Introducción: algunos investigadores consideran que la malnutrición proteico energética es la complicación más frecuente en el paciente cirrótico y que constituye un elemento predictor independiente de supervivencia. Objetivos: determinar el estado nutricional y su relación con la causa, el tiempo de evolución y la ingesta calórica en pacientes con cirrosis hepática compensada. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de todos los pacientes gaboneses de ambos sexos, entre 15 y 60 años, con este diagnóstico. Se halló predominio de las mujeres y del grupo entre 45 y 54 años, con una edad media de 45 años (± 7,6). Prevalecieron la causa mixta y el grupo A de la clasificación de Child-Pugh-Turcotte. Todos tenían menos de 1 año desde el diagnóstico de la enfermedad y según el índice de masa corporal, la malnutrición proteico-energética se observó en 75 por ciento de los casos, predominó la delgadez moderada. La circunferencia del brazo se afectó con menor frecuencia e intensidad que el índice de masa corporal. En la medida que disminuyó el número de comidas al día aumentó el porcentaje de pacientes con malnutrición proteico-energética. Conclusiones: la frecuencia de malnutrición de la población cirrótica compensada fue elevada, con mayor índice de malnutrición en los casos de causa mixta, además, se comprobó que el estado nutricional del paciente cirrótico no puede ser valorado al margen de factores dietéticos

Introduction: some researchers believe that protein energy malnutrition is the most common complication in cirrhotic patients and it is an independent predictor of survival element. Objectives: to determine the nutritional status and its relationship to the cause, time of evolution and caloric intake in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis. Methods: a descriptive study of all Gabonese patients of both sexes, between the ages 15 and 60 years, with this diagnosis. Women and the group between 45 and 54 years was found predominant (mean age 45 years (± 7.6)). Additionally, mixed cause and group A in Child-Pugh-Turcotte widely existed. All patients had diagnosis of this disease for less than a year and according to their body mass index, protein-energy malnutrition was observed in 75 percent of cases; moderate thinness predominated. The arm circumference was less frequently and intensively affected than the body mass index. To the extent that the number of meals reduced per day, the percentage of patients with protein-energy malnutrition increased. Conclusions: the frequency of malnutrition of compensated cirrhotic population was high, with the highest rate of malnutrition in cases of mixed causes; it also was proved that the nutritional status of cirrhotic patient cannot be valued regardless of dietary factors

Weight Status and Dietary Factors Associated with Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake among Korean Children and Adolescents: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008-2011

There has been growing concern about the role of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in the development of obesity. This study investigated factors associated with SSB intake among Korean children (7-12 years) and adolescents (13-18 years). We examined associations between SSB intake and demographic and dietary factors using nationally representative data from the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and 3,179 children and 2,242 adolescents were included in the final analysis. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for factors associated with high SSB intake (> or = 300 ml/day) by multivariable logistic regression. The mean daily SSB intake of school children was 98.7 ml/day, with a mean of 64.7 ml/day for those aged 7-12 years and 120.2 ml/day for those aged 13-18 years. SSB intake of > or = 300 ml/day was found in 12.0% of the children and adolescents. Factors associated with a greater OR for high SSB intake were high energy intake (> or = 125% of EER; OR = 3.17 for boys aged 7-12 years, OR = 2.74 for girls aged 7-12 years, OR = 3.0 for girls aged 13-18 years), low milk consumption (< 1 cup/day; OR = 1.93 for boys aged 7-12 years; OR = 2.53 for girls aged 7-12 years; OR = 1.83 for boys aged 13-18 years), and not meeting the recommended fruit and vegetable intake (< 400 g/day; OR = 1.71 for boys aged 7-12 years). Being overweight and obese was significantly associated with greater ORs for high SSB intake among boys aged 7-12 years (OR = 1.72). These findings may be used to develop targeted education programs for reducing SSB intake and encouraging healthier food choices.

Association of MCP-1 polymorphism with cardiovascular disease risk factors in Korean elderly / 한국영양학회지

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) plays an important role in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Genetic polymorphism in the regulatory regions of MCP-1 could affect MCP-1 expression. The purpose of the study was to explore the possible association of MCP-1 -2518 A/G genetic polymorphism and CVD risk factors in the elderly Korean population. Dietary, anthropometric, and biochemical factors were assessed in 168 subjects. The frequency of A/A, G/A, and G/G genotypes was 14.2%, 45.8%, and 40.0%, respectively. The blood level of MCP-1 was significantly higher in subjects with A/A genotype. The MCP-1 level was significantly higher in A/A genotype with hypercholesterolemia than in other genotypes. Meat intake and percent energy from lipids were significantly positively correlated with the MCP-1 level, especially, stronger in A/A genotype. In the stepwise discriminant analysis, TNF-alpha level, meat intake, HDL-C were associated with MCP-1 in all subjects (model R2 = 24%). TNF-alpha level, sugar intake, cholesterol intake, and meat intake affected MCP-1 in A/A genotype (model R2 = 82%), but not in G/A or G/G. In conclusion, subjects possessing A/A genotype exhibited higher levels of MCP-1 than other genotypes in Korean elders. Further, meat, sugar, and cholesterol intakes affected the MCP-1 level. Therefore, the decrement of meat, sugar, and cholesterol intakes helps to normalize the MCP-1 level and can decrease CVD risk in A/A genotype.

Evaluación nutricional de pacientes cirróticos compensados / Nutritional assessment of compensated cirrhotic patients

Introducción: la malnutrición proteico-energética es la complicación más frecuente en pacientes cirróticos, la valoración nutricional es difícil y la atención en este sentido es deficiente. Objetivo: evaluar el estado nutricional de los pacientes con cirrosis hepática. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de 19 pacientes, de ambos sexos, entre 15 y 60 años de edad, con diagnóstico de cirrosis hepática compensada, atendidos en el Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico 10 de Octubre, desde enero de 2008 a enero de 2009, para evaluar el estado nutricional. Se utilizaron variables como: edad y sexo, antropométricas (peso, talla, circunferencia del brazo e Índice de masa corporal), de laboratorio y dietéticas. Resultados: predominó el sexo masculino y el grupo de 45 a 54 años de edad. El mayor número de pacientes estuvo entre 6 meses y un año del diagnóstico. Se encontró un porcentaje elevado de desnutrición, según índice de masa corporal, la circunferencia del brazo fue el indicador antropométrico menos afectado. La anemia se presentó en más del 50 porciento y el 26 porciento tuvo linfopenia. Se evidenció que al disminuir la frecuencia de comidas al día, aumentó la frecuencia e intensidad de la malnutrición. Conclusiones: la frecuencia de malnutrición proteico-energética en la población cirrótica estudiada fue elevada, con mayor índice de malnutrición en casos de origen alcohólico, además se comprobó que el estado nutricional del paciente cirrótico no puede ser valorado al margen de factores dietéticos

Introduction: protein-energy malnutrition is the most common complication in cirrhotic patients. Nutritional assessment is difficult and care is deficient. Objective: evaluate the nutritional status of patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: an observational descriptive study was conducted of 19 patients of both sexes aged 15-60 diagnosed with compensated liver cirrhosis, cared for at 10 de Octubre Clinical Surgical Hospital from January 2008 to January 2009, with the purpose of evaluating their nutritional status. The variables studied were age and sex, anthropometric measurements (weight, height, arm circumference and body mass index), laboratory data and dietary information. Results: there was a prevalence of the male sex and the 45-54 age group. Most patients were between 6 months and one year from diagnosis. Malnutrition was found to be high, based on body mass index. Arm circumference was the least affected anthropometric indicator. Anemia was present in more than 50 percent, and 26 percent had lymphopenia. It was found that as the frequency of meals a day decreased, there was an increase in the frequency and intensity of malnutrition. Conclusions: protein-energy malnutrition was high in the cirrhotic population studied, with higher malnutrition rates in cases of alcoholic origin. It was also found that the nutritional status of cirrhotic patients can only be assessed with reference to dietary factors

Implicações da alimentação e nutrição e do uso de fitoterápicos na profilaxia e tratamento sintomático da enxaqueca: uma revisão / Influence of food and nutrition and the use of the herbal medicine on the prophylaxis and symptomatic treatment of migraine: a review

Migrane is a disease of high prevalence which can cause significant limitations to the welfare and social relations. The consumption of certain foods and the eating behavior are very important in the triggering or prevention of headaches associated to this disease. This study aimed toknow the role of food and nutrition and the use of herbal medicine in the treatment and prophylaxis of migraine based on a literature review. The main food items mentioned as migraine triggering agents were wine, beer or distilled drinks, chocolate, yellow cheeses, citrus fruits, sausages, fried food, tea, cola soft drinks, ice creams, aspartame and monosodium glutamate. A healthy and balanced nutrition acts in the prophylaxis by decreasing the frequency and intensity of the pain, while the consumption of refined carbohydrates and a long interval between the meals are considered as triggering factors of the headaches. Food products such asginger and nutrients such magnesium, vitamin B2 and coenzyme Q10 are pointed as effective alternatives in the prophylaxis of migraine. Tanacetum parthenium and Petasites hybridus have presented positive results in decreasing the intensity of the headaches. Some studies have evidenced the relation between the nutritional status and migraine, showing that the prevalence this disease increases not only among malnourished people but also among obese people.

La jaqueca es una enfermedad con alta prevalencia, que puede provocar significativas limitaciones en el bienestar y en las relaciones sociales. El consumo de determinados alimentos y el comportamiento alimentario ejercen gran influencia en desencadenar o prevenir las crisis de esta enfermedad. Esta pesquisa tuvo por objetivo conocer el papel de la alimentación y nutrición y del uso de medicina herbaria en el tratamiento y profilaxis de la jaqueca con base en una revisión de la literatura. Los principales desencadenantes alimentares de la jaqueca citados fueron vino, cerveza o bebidas destiladas, chocolate, quesos amarillos, frutas cítricas, embutidos, frituras, té, refrescos de cola, helados, aspartame y glutamato monosódico. Una alimentación saludable y equilibrada actúa en la profilaxis disminuyendo la frecuencia y la intensidad de las crisis, mientras que el consumo de hidratos de carbono refinados y un gran intervalo entre las comidas son factores desencadenantes de las crisis. Productos alimentares como jengibre, y nutrientes como magnesio, vitamina B2 y Coenzima Q10 son apuntados como alternativas eficaces en la profilaxis de la jaqueca. Tanacetum partheniume o Petasites hybridus han mostrado resultados positivos en la disminución y en la intensidad de las crisis. Algunos estudios evidencian la relación entre el estado nutricional y la jaqueca, demostrando que la prevalecía de esta enfermedad aumenta tanto entre las personas desnutridas cuanto entre las obesas.

A enxaqueca é uma enfermidade de alta prevalência que pode provocar significativas limitações no bem estar e nas relações sociais. O consumo de determinados alimentos e o comportamento alimentar exercem uma grande importância no desencadeamento ou na prevenção das crises desta enfermidade. Este estudo objetivou conhecer o papel da alimentação e nutrição e do uso de fitoterápicos no tratamento e profilaxia da enxaqueca com base em uma revisão da literatura. Os principais desencadeantes alimentares de enxaqueca citados foram vinho, cerveja ou bebidas destiladas, chocolate, queijos amarelos, frutas cítricas, embutidos, frituras, chá, refrigerantes a base de cola, sorvetes, aspartame e glutamato monossódico. Uma alimentação saudável e equilibrada age na profilaxia diminuindo a frequência e a intensidade da dor, enquanto o consumo de carboidratos refinados e um grande intervalo entre as refeições são responsabilizados como fatores desencadeantes das crises. Produtos alimentares como gengibre e nutrientes como magnésio, vitamina B2 e Coenzima Q10 são apontados como alternativas eficazes na profilaxia da enxaqueca. Tanacetum partheniume o Petasites hybridus têm apresentado resultados positivos na diminuição e na intensidade das crises. Alguns estudos evidenciam a relação entre estado nutricional e enxaqueca, demonstrando que a prevalência desta enfermidade aumenta tanto entre as pessoas desnutridas quanto entre as obesas.

Dietary Factors and Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged Men / 農村醫學 地域保健

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to identify dietary factors related to metabolic syndrome in middle aged Korean men who were participants in the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES IV) in 2007. METHODS: The study targeted 361 of the 709 men aged between 40 and 64 years for a final analysis; the other 348 surveys had incomplete data which did not allow for the determination of metabolic syndrome. The definition of metabolic syndrome was based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III(NCEP ATP III). RESULTS: There were significant differences in the metabolic syndrome of middle-aged men according to age, smoking pack-years, and number of resturant meals per week. Dietary factors such as vitamins, riboflavin, natrium, carbohydrate, protein and lipid intakes were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: It was verified that metabolic syndrome in middle-aged men is related to age, smoking pack-years and number of resturant meals per week. Dietary factors were not significantly related. However, further detailed studies in this area are needed.

Effects of diet and physical activity factors on blood pressure in nine provinces of China: a longitudinal analysis / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the effects of diet and physical activity factors on blood pressure in nine provinces, using the multilevel model. Methods Data was collected in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). A total of 6706 men and 7140 women aged above 18 who attended at least one of the surveys in the year of 1997,2000,2004 and 2006 were selected, and a two-level male and female random intercept-slope growth models were applied to estimate the relationship between the intake of daily salt, vegetable, fruit, fat, protein as well as the time spent on the moderate or heavy physical activity and blood pressure. Results After controlling for age,education, BMI, drinks and total energy intake, mean of the daily salt intake per person was positively associated with systolic blood pressure in women ( β= 0.0481, s-x= 0.0178, P＜0.01 ). Mean of the daily vegetable intake per person was negatively associated with systolic blood pressure in men and women, with the regression coefficients as -0.0063,-0.0068 respectively, indicating that if mean of the daily vegetable intake per person increased by 100 g, the systolic blood pressure would decrease by 0.6 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) or more. In addition, the daily vegetable intake was also negatively associated with diastolic blood pressure (P＜0.01). Daily fruit intake was negatively associated with systolic blood pressure both in men and women, with regression coefficients as -0.0029 and -0.0031 respectively. Time spent on the moderate or heavy physical activity was also negatively associated with systolic blood pressure in both men and women, and diastolic blood pressure in women (P＜0.05). No relationship was found between daily fat, protein intake and blood pressure. Conclusion Daily salt, vegetable, fruit intake, time spent on the moderate or heavy physical activity were associated with blood pressure in both men and women. Programs on integrated lifestyle modifications including dietary salt reduction, eating more vegetable and fruits, increasing physical activity level, plus weight control were critical for the control of high blood pressure.

Gene-Diet Interaction on Cancer Risk in Epidemiological Studies / 예방의학회지

Genetic factors clearly play a role in carcinogenesis, but migrant studies provide unequivocal evidence that environmental factors are critical in defining cancer risk. Therefore, one may expect that the lower availability of substrate for biochemical reactions leads to more genetic changes in enzyme function; for example, most studies have indicated the variant MTHFR genotype 677TT is related to biomarkers, such as homocysteine concentrations or global DNA methylation particularly in a low folate diet. The modification of a phenotype related to a genotype, particularly by dietary habits, could support the notion that some of inconsistencies in findings from molecular epidemiologic studies could be due to differences in the populations studied and unaccounted underlying characteristics mediating the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and the actual phenotypes. Given the evidence that diet can modify cancer risk, gene-diet interactions in cancer etiology would be anticipated. However, much of the evidence in this area comes from observational epidemiology, which limits the causal inference. Thus, the investigation of these interactions is essential to gain a full understanding of the impact of genetic variation on health outcomes. This report reviews current approaches to gene-diet interactions in epidemiological studies. Characteristics of gene and dietary factors are divided into four categories: one carbon metabolism-related gene polymorphisms and dietary factors including folate, vitamin B group and methionines; oxidative stress-related gene polymorphisms and antioxidant nutrients including vegetable and fruit intake; carcinogen-metabolizing gene polymorphisms and meat intake including heterocyclic amins and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; and other gene-diet interactive effect on cancer.

Depression and Dietary Factors Related to Hyperlipidemia in Urban Living Elderly Female from Low Income Group / 대한지역사회영양학회지

We conducted a case-control study to examine the relationship of depression and dietary related factors with the hyperlipidemia for urban living elderly women from low income group. The case group consisted of 45 elderly females with hyperlipidemia (serum cholesterol > or = 240 mg/dl or serum TG > or = 250 mg/dl) and the control group of 95 age matched elderly women with serum cholesterol levels less than 240 mg/dl and serum TG less than 250 mg/dl. In a univariate analysis, vitamin C intake, the number of family members living with the subject, and their depression scores were significantly higher in the hyperlipidemic group than in the control group. In the logistic regression analysis, the vitamin C intake (> or = 75% Korean RDA), the number of family members living with the subject (> or = 1), depression scores (> or = 7), BMI (> or = 27), and subscapular skinfold thickness (> or = 18 mm) were associated with significantly higher (p or = 7 ; 95%CI : 1.10 - 5.60) and subscapular skinfold thicknesses (Odds Ratio 5.69 for SBT > or = 18 mm ; 95%CI : 1.87 - 17.32) were the significant risk factors associated with hyperlipidemia in the elderly women.

Effect of Non-dietary Factors in the Etiology of Stomach Cancer / 한국역학회지

BACKGROUND: Stomach cancer is the most malignant neoplasm among Koreans. There are some studies on risk factors for cancer prevention. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A case-control study was conducted at the Korea Cancer Center Hospital in Seoul between April and September in 1996. One hundred twenty-six stomach cancer patients confirmed by the histological diagnosis were compared with 234 control subjects mached by age, sex, and admission date. The questionnaire included information on sociodemographic characteristics, smoking and drinking habits, height, weight, family history of cancer, nutrient supplements intake etc. Associations of stomach cancer with con-dietary factors were evaluated. Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate relative risks when controlling simultaneously for covariates. RESULTS: Weight and body mass index(BMI, kg/m2) at diagnosis were significantly low in cases compared with controls. As non-dietary factors, smoking habits, alcoholic beverage, family gistory, physical activity, water supply, stress, vitamin suppliments and the use of functional foods were not associated with stomach cancer risk. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that non-dietary factors were not associated with stomach cancer risk.